The Data Center Debate

By state

Data centers in California

81 data centers and projects on our map in California, including 9 projects we track in detail. Each one links to its source. Below: where they are by county, the projects in the news, and the latest reporting from both sides.

See California on the map. Existing facilities come from OpenStreetMap, a community-maintained public map that is incomplete; proposed, under construction and blocked projects are tracked one by one from news, filings and official records.

Projects in the news

Blocked, paused or withdrawn Imperial County Superior Court ordered environmental review on Sept 9, 2026; developer plans to appeal.

Imperial County Data Complex

Imperial, Imperial · Operator: Sebastian Rucci

Judge Brooks Anderholt ruled that county officials illegally exempted the roughly one-million-square-foot data complex from California Environmental Quality Act review; approvals must restart. The developer projected $12 million in annual local tax revenue.

Issues raised: water, power, air-pollution, opposition, tax-incentives

Source: KPBS, 2026-09-09 · On the map

Blocked, paused or withdrawn Moratorium extended to 2028-08-21 on 2026-10-07; sites under 3 MW exempt

Mendocino County Data Center Moratorium

Ukiah, Mendocino

announced 2026-10-07

Mendocino County supervisors voted 4 to 1 to extend their new data center ban to August 21, 2028, the maximum allowed under California law, while exempting facilities drawing less than 3 megawatts. An ad hoc committee will develop permanent rules.

Issues raised: power, water, zoning, opposition

Source: The Mendocino Voice, 2026-10-07 · On the map

Blocked, paused or withdrawn Voters approved a permanent citywide data center ban on June 2, 2026

Monterey Park Measure NDC Data Center Ban

Monterey Park, Los Angeles County

Monterey Park voters approved Measure NDC by a wide margin, amending the municipal code to prohibit data centers anywhere in the city. The council had placed the measure on the ballot unanimously, and it is the first voter approved permanent data center ban in the United States.

Issues raised: zoning, power, water, opposition

Source: LA Public Press, 2026-06 · On the map

Blocked, paused or withdrawn 45 day moratorium approved 7 to 0 on 2026-10-07, extendable

Oakland Data Center Moratorium

Oakland, Alameda

announced 2026-10-07

Oakland's City Council unanimously approved a 45 day moratorium on new data center approvals while staff study water, energy and health impacts and develop permanent rules. A proposal to convert part of 415 20th St. into a data center is pending.

Issues raised: power, water, zoning, opposition

Source: The Oaklandside, 2026-10-07 · On the map

Blocked, paused or withdrawn extended through August 25, 2028 by unanimous council vote September 30, 2026

Palm Springs Data Center Moratorium

Palm Springs, Riverside County

announced 2026-09-30

Palm Springs extended a 45 day urgency moratorium into a nearly two year pause while staff drafts zoning, noise, water, and utility rules for data centers that do not currently exist in the municipal code.

Issues raised: zoning, noise, water, power, opposition

Source: The Palm Springs Post, 2026-09-30 · On the map

Blocked, paused or withdrawn Extended by 10 months and 15 days on Sept. 22, 2026, running to mid August 2027

Tulare County Data Center Moratorium

Visalia, Tulare County

announced 2026-08-18

Tulare County supervisors extended the August 45 day moratorium after a study session on electrical demand and water use, and separately voted 3 to 2 on a nonbinding position opposing new data center development except for enterprise projects.

Issues raised: water, power, opposition, zoning

Source: Sun-Gazette, 2026-09-23 · On the map

Proposed Plans filed; pending San Jose approval and PG&E substation agreement, opening targeted around 2030

Prologis North San Jose Data Center

San Jose, Santa Clara · Operator: Prologis

99 MW · announced 2026-09-25

A proposed three-story, 514,000-square-foot data center at 326 Charcot Avenue in North San Jose that would replace five industrial buildings, with an on-site substation and backup generator yard, and roughly 99 megawatts of power capacity.

Issues raised: power, zoning

Source: Press Democrat, 2026-09-25 · On the map

Proposed Council directed staff on 2026-09-15 to draft a zoning ban

City of Hayward Data Center Ban Referral

Hayward, Alameda

announced 2026-09-15

The Hayward City Council took up a referral from Mayor Salinas and two colleagues directing staff to draft a zoning code amendment banning new data centers, after the city approved a 76.6 MW facility with 28 diesel backup generators earlier this year.

Issues raised: zoning, air-pollution, opposition

Source: City of Hayward, 2026-09-15 · On the map

Proposed 45-day interim ordinance introduced 2026-09-15, needs four-fifths vote

San Francisco Data Center Moratorium

San Francisco, San Francisco

announced 2026-09-15

Supervisor Shamann Walton, with three co-sponsors, introduced an urgency ordinance to freeze new data center approvals for 45 days with the option to extend up to 22.5 months, citing land use rules that have not been updated since 2001 and community concerns in Bayview.

Issues raised: zoning, air-pollution, opposition

Source: Hoodline, 2026-09-15 · On the map

By county

  • Alameda 2 on the map
    City of Hayward Data Center Ban Referral, Oakland Data Center Moratorium
  • Imperial 1 on the map
    Imperial County Data Complex
  • Los Angeles County 1 on the map
    Monterey Park Measure NDC Data Center Ban
  • Mendocino 1 on the map
    Mendocino County Data Center Moratorium
  • Riverside County 1 on the map
    Palm Springs Data Center Moratorium
  • San Francisco 1 on the map
    San Francisco Data Center Moratorium
  • Santa Clara 1 on the map
    Prologis North San Jose Data Center
  • Tulare County 1 on the map
    Tulare County Data Center Moratorium

Latest news from California

Supports the case against local October 8, 2026

Imperial County supervisors press for ballot measure on data centers

At the October 8 meeting, Supervisors Jesus Eduardo Escobar and Martha Cardenas Singh said they would support a voter ballot measure allowing residents to ban data centers in unincorporated areas. District 4 Supervisor Ryan E. Kelley objected on cost grounds, estimating the measure at roughly half a million dollars. The county already has a temporary data center moratorium in place.

KPBS Local opposition and consent Laws, bills and regulation

Check it: No ballot measure has been scheduled yet; the board must still vote to place it on a ballot.

Supports the case against local October 7, 2026

Oakland City Council approves 45 day data center moratorium

Oakland's City Council voted 7 to 0 to pause approval of new data center projects for 45 days, with authority to extend. The author, Councilmember Carroll Fife, said the pause is meant to give city staff time to study water, energy and health impacts before any applications proceed. Oakland becomes the fifth Bay Area city to adopt such a pause.

The Oaklandside Local opposition and consent Siting, zoning and standards

Check it: A 45 day pause is short; whether it is extended into a real moratorium is the real question.

Supports the case against local October 7, 2026

Mendocino County extends data center moratorium to August 2028

Mendocino County supervisors voted 4 to 1 to extend their new data center ban until August 21, 2028, the longest allowed under California law, while exempting facilities drawing less than 3 megawatts. The dissenting supervisor said the 3 megawatt threshold was negotiated at lunch and was not fully developed. An ad hoc committee will study permanent rules.

The Mendocino Voice Local opposition and consent Siting, zoning and standards

Check it: The exemption below 3 megawatts allows smaller sites during the ban; the long duration is paired with that carve out.

Supports the case against local September 30, 2026

Palm Springs extends data center moratorium through August 2028

The Palm Springs City Council unanimously extended a temporary moratorium on new data center applications and permits for an additional 22 months and 15 days, through August 25, 2028. Planning Director Chris Hadwin said the city's zoning code does not define data centers or set noise, water, or utility thresholds and the pause gives staff time to draft standards.

The Palm Springs Post Local opposition and consent Siting, zoning and standards Noise, appearance and rural character

Check it: Palm Springs has no pending data center application; the extension is to write zoning rules before any proposal arrives.

Cited by both sides company September 25, 2026

Prologis files plans for a three-story, 514,000-square-foot data center in North San Jose

Real estate firm Prologis has proposed a three-story data center at 326 Charcot Avenue in North San Jose that would replace five industrial buildings and total 514,000 square feet with roughly 99 megawatts of capacity, an on-site substation, and a backup generator yard. The project would need San Jose approval and a PG&E agreement to expand a nearby substation, and could open around 2030.

Press Democrat How much electricity data centers use Siting, zoning and standards

Check it: The 2030 opening is contingent on both city land use approvals and utility interconnection; PG&E substation timelines have slipped elsewhere in California.

Supports the case against local September 23, 2026

Tulare County extends data center moratorium by ten months

The Tulare County Board of Supervisors voted 5 to 0 on September 22 to extend the August moratorium on data center construction in unincorporated areas by ten months and fifteen days. A separate 3 to 2 vote adopted a board position opposing new data centers in the county except for enterprise facilities.

Sun-Gazette Local opposition and consent Water use How much electricity data centers use

Check it: The board position opposing new projects is not a binding ordinance; the moratorium is the enforceable action.

Supports the case against local September 23, 2026

Oakland City Council committee unanimously advances 45 day data center moratorium

Oakland's Life Enrichment Committee approved a 45 day emergency moratorium on new data center land use approvals introduced by Councilmember Carroll Fife on September 11, sending it to the full City Council for an October 6 vote. Supporters want time to write environmental, operational and public safety rules; the city has already been debating one active data center application in Bayview.

The Oaklandside Local opposition and consent Siting, zoning and standards Air quality and on-site power

Check it: Whether the full council adopts the emergency ordinance on October 6 and whether current applications are covered.

Supports the case against local September 22, 2026

Tulare County board opposes most new data centers and extends moratorium

The Tulare County Board of Supervisors voted 5-0 to extend the county's data-center moratorium in unincorporated areas by 10 months and 15 days, and in a separate 3-2 vote adopted a policy position opposing most data-center development, including projects outside county jurisdiction. The opposition resolution carves out enterprise data centers built by a single company for its own use.

Porterville Recorder Local opposition and consent Siting, zoning and standards Water use

Check it: The 3-2 opposition vote is a policy stance, not a ban, and the enterprise carve-out is significant. Check whether the county actually sends opposition letters on specific pending projects.

Supports the case against policy September 22, 2026

Newsom signs seven-bill data center package in California

California enacted SB 1168, SB 886, SB 887, AB 1577, AB 2383, AB 2469, and AB 2619, which together direct the Public Utilities Commission to make data centers pay for transmission and distribution upgrades, require monthly energy reporting to the state, mandate water supply assessments during permitting, and remove certain exemptions. Supporters including TURN and NRDC framed the package as ratepayer protection, while trade groups have previously warned that added rules could push new projects to other states.

Office of Governor Gavin Newsom Laws, bills and regulation Who pays for the grid buildout Secret contracts and disclosure Water use

Check it: Read each bill number before repeating claims about what the package requires and note that some rules phase in through CPUC rulemakings that are not yet complete.

Supports the case against policy September 22, 2026

California tightens oversight of data center energy use and grid costs

Utility Dive walks through each of the seven bills, including SB 1168, which instructs the CPUC to set rates that require data centers to pay their own transmission and distribution upgrade costs, and AB 1577, which requires monthly energy consumption reporting to the California Energy Commission and projected usage disclosures to local permitting agencies. Sponsors cited concerns that data center growth is pushing rates higher for other customers.

Utility Dive Who pays for the grid buildout How much electricity data centers use Secret contracts and disclosure Laws, bills and regulation

Check it: How much the new tariffs actually shift depends on CPUC implementation rulings that have not yet been issued.

Cited by both sides news September 21, 2026

What the seven California data center laws actually do

CalMatters reports that three of the seven signed bills shift grid infrastructure costs from residential customers to data center operators, three add reporting requirements on water and other resources, and one narrows exemptions available to the industry. The piece notes that Newsom vetoed a similar water disclosure bill in 2025 and that the Data Center Coalition cites 665,500 jobs and $14.1 billion in taxes tied to California data centers in 2024.

CalMatters Laws, bills and regulation Who pays for the grid buildout Jobs Water use

Check it: The 665,500 jobs figure includes indirect and induced jobs from an industry funded study, not just data center employees.

Supports the case against local September 15, 2026

San Francisco supervisors introduce 45-day data center moratorium

Supervisor Shamann Walton, joined by Connie Chan, Chyanne Chen and Jackie Fielder, introduced a 45-day urgency ordinance to freeze new data center approvals, with an eye toward a permanent citywide ban. Under state law the interim ordinance needs a four-fifths vote and can be extended to nearly two years if the planning commission finds a public-welfare threat. The proposal follows expansion plans at NOVVA's 400 Paul Avenue project in Bayview.

Hoodline Local opposition and consent Siting, zoning and standards Air quality and on-site power

Check it: Whether the four-fifths supermajority is secured for the interim ordinance and how the moratorium treats projects that already have entitlements.

Supports the case against local September 15, 2026

Hayward City Council directs staff to draft data center ban

The Hayward City Council took up a legislative referral from Mayor Mark Salinas and two colleagues directing staff to begin amending the zoning code to prohibit new data centers, following pushback against an approved 76.6-megawatt facility with 28 diesel backup generators. Hayward had already amended its code in April 2026 to require major conditional use permits for such projects.

City of Hayward Local opposition and consent Air quality and on-site power Siting, zoning and standards

Check it: Whether the referral produces an actual ordinance and how it treats data centers that already hold permits, including the 76.6 MW project.

Supports the case against legal September 9, 2026

Imperial County judge orders environmental review, halts million-square-foot California data center

Imperial County Superior Court Judge Brooks Anderholt sided with the city of Imperial and the Sierra Club, ruling that county officials illegally shielded a nearly one million square foot data complex from California Environmental Quality Act review through a lot merger. The developer said the project would generate about $12 million in annual tax revenue and vowed to appeal. Planners will need to restart the approval process from the beginning.

KPBS Local opposition and consent Siting, zoning and standards Water use Air quality and on-site power

Check it: The ruling requires additional review, not permanent denial; the developer has said it will appeal.

Weighing it up

For the arguments behind these fights, see the case for data centers, the case against, and the questions people ask, each answered from both sides.