The Data Center Debate

By state

Data centers in Pennsylvania

14 data centers and projects on our map in Pennsylvania, including 8 projects we track in detail. Each one links to its source. Below: where they are by county, the projects in the news, and the latest reporting from both sides.

See Pennsylvania on the map. Existing facilities come from OpenStreetMap, a community-maintained public map that is incomplete; proposed, under construction and blocked projects are tracked one by one from news, filings and official records.

Projects in the news

Blocked, paused or withdrawn Rezoning of more than 800 acres denied unanimously by county commissioners, February 2026

Montour County Talen Energy Data Center Rezoning

Danville, Montour County · Operator: Talen Energy

Talen Energy sought to rezone more than 800 acres from agricultural to industrial for a data center developer near its Susquehanna nuclear plant. Commissioners denied the request, saying no evidence showed the benefits outweighed the documented public harms.

Issues raised: zoning, power, opposition

Source: Pennsylvania Capital-Star, 2026-02 · On the map

Proposed Township supervisors unanimously approved land development October 1, 2026, pending state environmental permits

AWS Kline Township Data Center Campus

Kelayres, Schuylkill · Operator: Amazon Web Services

announced 2026-10-01

Supervisors in Kline Township, Pennsylvania on October 1 unanimously approved an Amazon Web Services campus of roughly two million square feet on 350 acres near Route 309 and Interstate 81. The approval includes conditions for blasting surveys of nearby homes and post construction acoustic testing. Amazon still must obtain state and other local permits before construction.

Issues raised: zoning, jobs, noise, water, opposition

Source: WILK News Radio, 2026-10-01 · On the map

Proposed Curative amendment filed Sept. 1, 2026; public hearing set for October 27, 2026

Lower Towamensing Township Data Center Campus

Palmerton, Carbon · Operator: DTA Alliance LLC and Murphy's Meadow LLC

announced 2026-09-01

A proposal for 13 data center buildings and a possible on-site power generation building on about 700 acres in Lower Towamensing Township, including the former Blue Shamrock Golf Course, filed as a curative amendment challenging the township's zoning ordinance for not providing anywhere for data center use.

Issues raised: water, power, noise, opposition, zoning

Source: Times News (PA), 2026-09-26 · On the map

Proposed Planned, under local review

West Rockhill Township Data Center

West Rockhill Township, Bucks County

announced 2026-05

A data center proposed in West Rockhill Township in upper Bucks County, alongside Amazon activity in Falls Township. Pennsylvania officials moved in 2026 to set statewide standards and paused state permit reviews pending new grid commitments.

Issues raised: power, water, noise, zoning, opposition

Source: MONTCO.Today, 2026-05 · On the map

Under construction Vertical construction began April 2026, first power targeted 2027

Homer City Energy Campus

Homer City, Indiana County · Operator: Homer City Redevelopment with Kiewit

4500 MW · $10 billion · announced 2025-04-02

A 3,200 acre redevelopment of Pennsylvania's largest former coal plant into a gas powered campus for AI computing, using seven GE Vernova turbines. It is a central example in arguments about whether new gas generation built for data centers helps or hurts state emissions goals.

Issues raised: power, air-pollution, transmission, jobs, water

Source: Data Center Dynamics, 2025-04 · On the map

Under construction groundbreaking September 10, 2026 at former Bruce Mansfield coal plant site

Aligned Project Phoenix

Shippingport, Beaver · Operator: Aligned Data Centers

2000 MW · $10 billion · announced 2026-09-10

Aligned Data Centers broke ground on a three-facility, 2 GW data center campus in Shippingport at the site of the former Bruce Mansfield coal plant, adjacent to a former coal station being redeveloped for natural gas generation. The developer says the campus will run on dedicated onsite power and estimates 3,000 construction jobs and 640 permanent positions.

Issues raised: power, jobs, transmission

Source: GlobeNewswire, 2026-09-10 · On the map

Under construction Buildings vertical next to the nuclear plant

AWS Susquehanna Campus

Salem Township, Luzerne County · Operator: Amazon Web Services with Talen Energy

960 MW · announced 2025-06

An AWS campus on about 1,200 acres beside the Susquehanna nuclear station, supplied under a power agreement with Talen Energy. It produced the landmark federal ruling on plugging a data center straight into a power plant: in November 2024 federal energy regulators rejected a request to raise the co-located load here from 300 to 480 megawatts, finding the non-standard contract terms had not been justified (docket ER24-2172). The rejection was on narrow procedural grounds rather than a finding about cost shifting, and Talen told investors in June 2025 that the arrangement would move to a front-of-the-meter structure, selling into the PJM grid instead, after transmission work expected in spring 2026.

Issues raised: power, transmission, tax-incentives, jobs

Source: Philadelphia Inquirer, 2025-06-09 · On the map

Under construction Building on a former steel mill site, grid supplied

AWS Keystone Trade Center Campus

Falls Township, Bucks County · Operator: Amazon Web Services

announced 2025-06

An AWS campus on the former US Steel Fairless Works site in suburban Philadelphia, drawing its power from the grid at the start. A plan to install about 280 gas fired backup generators has driven local air quality objections.

Issues raised: air-pollution, power, zoning, opposition, jobs

Source: WHYY · On the map

By county

  • Bucks County 2 on the map
    AWS Keystone Trade Center Campus, West Rockhill Township Data Center
  • Beaver 1 on the map
    Aligned Project Phoenix
  • Carbon 1 on the map
    Lower Towamensing Township Data Center Campus
  • Indiana County 1 on the map
    Homer City Energy Campus
  • Luzerne County 1 on the map
    AWS Susquehanna Campus
  • Montour County 1 on the map
    Montour County Talen Energy Data Center Rezoning
  • Schuylkill 1 on the map
    AWS Kline Township Data Center Campus

Latest news from Pennsylvania

The 20 most recent of 22 items. All daily updates.

Supports the case against news October 11, 2026

Fortune profiles bipartisan opposition to NorthPoint data center in Hazle Township, Pa.

NorthPoint Development has offered Hazle Township residents an individual payment of up to $10,000 in exchange for support of a 1,300 acre, $165 million campus of 15 data center buildings and a substation. Residents in nearby Sugarloaf Township are facing eminent domain notices for a high voltage line that would feed the project. Local Republicans and Democrats are organizing together against the project in the lead up to the Pennsylvania gubernatorial election.

Fortune Local opposition and consent Siting, zoning and standards Secret contracts and disclosure

Check it: Payment offers are from the developer and are not yet accepted; the project still needs permits under Pennsylvania's new GRID executive order.

Cited by both sides local October 8, 2026

Luzerne County planning commission advances data center zoning ordinance

The Luzerne County planning commission voted to send a revised data center zoning ordinance to County Council for adoption. The revised draft lowers the required setback from sensitive receptors to 1,250 feet, with a possible reduction to 1,000 feet if the applicant exceeds environmental standards. Noise limits were loosened from the original draft to 55 decibels A weighted and 65 decibels C weighted at the property line.

Times Leader Siting, zoning and standards Noise, appearance and rural character

Check it: The ordinance only covers 19 small municipalities that use county zoning; neighboring towns set their own rules.

Supports the case for policy October 6, 2026

Pennsylvania House panel unanimously advances HB2828, a bring your own power bill for data centers

The Pennsylvania House Consumer Protection, Technology and Utilities Committee passed HB2828 unanimously, with sponsors signaling the final language will be amended before a floor vote. The bill would require data center developers to apply for electric service and pay the associated infrastructure fees before seeking zoning approval, and would push utilities toward a model rate class that assigns new build costs to large customers. The panel also advanced a separate bill addressing utility profits.

Mon Valley Independent Who pays for the grid buildout Laws, bills and regulation Who holds the risk

Check it: A committee vote is not law. The language is still being revised, and the full House and the Senate have to pass it before anyone's bill is protected.

Supports the case for company October 6, 2026

AWS files plans for 36 building, 1,100 acre data center campus at Homer City in Indiana County, Pennsylvania

Amazon Web Services submitted a preliminary land development plan for a 36 building data center campus on 1,100 acres across Center and Blacklick Townships, next to the planned 4.5 GW gas plant at the Homer City Energy Campus. Construction would proceed in four phases starting in December 2026 with full completion by 2036. AWS projects 1,500 to 2,000 operations jobs at salaries of about $80,000 to $100,000.

DatacenterDynamics Jobs How much electricity data centers use Air quality and on-site power

Check it: The campus is tied to a new gas plant, not to the existing PJM grid. Check how its emissions and water use will be permitted and whether Pennsylvania's new large load tariff rules will apply.

Supports the case against policy October 2, 2026

Pennsylvania House committees advance bills targeting data center NDAs, interconnection and cost allocation

The Senate Communications and Technology Committee unanimously approved Senate Bill 1408 banning future nondisclosure agreements between data center developers, local governments and state agencies, and the House Energy Committee unanimously approved House Bill 2775 requiring grid interconnection applications and fees before local zoning review, along with House Bill 2828 requiring data centers to bear the costs of any new generation, transmission and other grid upgrades. The bills still need floor votes and Senate action.

Altoona Mirror Secret contracts and disclosure Who pays for the grid buildout Who holds the risk Laws, bills and regulation

Check it: Committee approval is only the first step; readers should check whether each bill passes the full chamber and is signed.

Supports the case against policy October 1, 2026

Pennsylvania regulators advance tentative order making new data centers first in line for grid curtailments

The Pennsylvania Public Utility Commission voted to issue a tentative order that would require new large loads which have not secured enough new generation to be curtailed before other customers during grid emergencies, and would bar utilities from classifying those loads as critical. The order cites a commissioned study projecting that the regional grid would fail to meet PJM reliability standards from 2027 through 2030 under its reference scenario, and opens a public comment window.

Pennsylvania Public Utility Commission Who holds the risk Who pays for the grid buildout Flexible load

Check it: The order is tentative, not final, and does not take effect until comments are reviewed and a final order is issued.

Cited by both sides policy October 1, 2026

Pennsylvania House committee advances three data center cost and energy bills

The Pennsylvania House Energy Committee passed HB 2775, requiring data center developers to secure electricity service and pay fees before seeking zoning, and HB 2828, requiring developers to pay infrastructure costs and reduce load during blackouts, both unanimously. The panel also moved HB 2755 on regional transmission organization participation 22 to 3. Sponsors include Reps. Kyle Donahue, Elizabeth Fiedler and Chris Pielli.

WITF Who pays for the grid buildout Laws, bills and regulation Flexible load

Check it: Check whether the full House and Senate take up the bills in the remaining voting days of the session, since committee passage is not law.

Supports the case for local October 1, 2026

Kline Township supervisors unanimously approve Amazon data center campus

Supervisors in Kline Township, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania voted unanimously on October 1 to approve Amazon Web Services' proposed 350 acre campus near Route 309 and Interstate 81, with roughly two million square feet of data center space planned. Approved conditions include pre and post blasting structural surveys of nearby homes and post construction acoustic testing. Residents in attendance urged stricter zoning and environmental safeguards before granting approval, citing concerns about noise, blasting, water use and strain on local utilities.

WILK News Radio Jobs Noise, appearance and rural character Water use Local opposition and consent

Check it: Amazon still must obtain state environmental permits and township zoning sign offs before building, so this approval is a milestone rather than a final clearance.

Supports the case against local September 30, 2026

East Buffalo Township, Pennsylvania sets October 12 vote on data center zoning

East Buffalo Township supervisors in Union County, Pennsylvania announced on September 30 that they will hold a public hearing on October 12 on an ordinance that would restrict data centers to the township's industrial zoning district. The hearing precedes a formal vote.

The Daily Item Siting, zoning and standards

Check it: The ordinance would not take effect until approved by supervisors after the hearing, and the restriction is to industrial zoning, not an outright ban.

Cited by both sides news September 28, 2026

Reason: Pennsylvania developer's $10,000-per-household offer highlights data center cash strategy

The magazine describes a growing tactic of developers writing checks directly to nearby residents, focusing on NorthPoint Development's letter to about 4,500 Hazle Township, Pa. households offering $10,000 each in exchange for support for a 15-building, 1,300-acre data center campus. Many residents interviewed said no anyway, citing noise, property values and distrust.

Reason Local opposition and consent Noise, appearance and rural character Local property tax revenue

Check it: The $45 million total is contingent on project approval; the article is opinion-adjacent but the underlying NorthPoint offer is documented.

Supports the case against local September 26, 2026

Palmerton borough takes formal position on 700-acre data center proposal filed against neighboring township's zoning

Palmerton Borough Council discussed a 13-building data center campus and possible on-site power generation building proposed by DTA Alliance LLC and Murphy's Meadow LLC on about 700 acres in neighboring Lower Towamensing Township, including the former Blue Shamrock Golf Course, with council members raising concerns about water supply, noise, and property values. Lower Towamensing Township has retained special counsel to defend against a curative amendment filed by the property owners, and a public hearing on that challenge is set for October 27.

Times News (PA) Water use Local opposition and consent Noise, appearance and rural character Siting, zoning and standards

Check it: A curative amendment is a legal challenge to a township's zoning; the outcome of the October 27 hearing determines whether the proposal can proceed.

Cited by both sides policy September 25, 2026

East Whiteland supervisors adopt 32 page data center ordinance

The East Whiteland Board of Supervisors voted unanimously to approve a 32 page zoning ordinance setting distance limits from homes, schools, daycares, parks and churches, plus rules on noise, water use, cooling and power. The ordinance does not affect the roughly 1.5 million square foot data center already being built at the former Cyprus Foote Mineral property.

Philadelphia Inquirer Siting, zoning and standards Noise, appearance and rural character Water use

Check it: The ordinance is prospective only, so residents most concerned about the existing project will not see its provisions applied there.

Supports the case against local September 23, 2026

Reading Pennsylvania planning commission sets October vote on data center zoning amendment

The Reading Planning Commission scheduled a special voting meeting in October to advance a proposed zoning amendment restricting data centers to Heavy Manufacturing and Manufacturing Commercial districts through a conditional use hearing. The city council invoked the curative amendment process in July after finding the zoning ordinance defective as to data centers, with a January deadline for final adoption.

WFMZ Siting, zoning and standards Laws, bills and regulation

Check it: Whether the planning commission advances the exact text to city council within the 180 day curative window.

Supports the case against report September 22, 2026

Data and Society releases Pennsylvania data center opposition study

TechCrunch summarizes a Data and Society report based on 18 months of ethnographic fieldwork and 44 interviews with Pennsylvania residents, which finds that opposition draws from industrial history, distrust of NDAs, property values and utility bill concerns rather than any single objection. Researchers argue Pennsylvania's coal, steel and fracking legacy shapes how residents evaluate new data center promises.

TechCrunch Local opposition and consent Secret contracts and disclosure Jobs

Check it: The study is qualitative, not a statistical survey. Its 44 interviews cannot be read as representative of all Pennsylvanians.

Supports the case against policy September 19, 2026

Pennsylvania PUC opens ratemaking review as data center demand pressures rise

At its September public meeting the Pennsylvania Public Utility Commission unanimously created a Ratemaking Working Group to examine how profit is built into rate increases, out-of-cycle rider charges and disclosure of black-box settlements. It also directed staff to revisit emergency electric load control rules as demand from large loads grows. Consumer advocates supported the moves; utilities said existing processes already provide oversight.

The Cool Down Who pays for the grid buildout Secret contracts and disclosure Laws, bills and regulation

Check it: Check the PUC order for the working group's charter and any deadlines for staff recommendations.

Neutral company September 18, 2026

AWS in talks with Homer City for Pennsylvania campus with up to 3.7 GW of data center load

Aterio's September pipeline report says Amazon Web Services is in early discussions with the developer of the Homer City Energy Campus in Indiana County, Pennsylvania, about a data center campus tied to the site's planned 4.5 gigawatt gas plant. The report also flags a $5 billion AWS proposal for 18 buildings on 601 acres near Trenton, Ohio, where two townships rejected an annexation petition in August.

Aterio How much electricity data centers use Capacity prices and grid costs Air quality and on-site power

Check it: Aterio compiles from public filings and reporting, so treat the discussion as early-stage until AWS or the developer confirms a signed agreement.

Cited by both sides policy September 17, 2026

Lycoming County planners see first draft of data center curative amendment

The Lycoming County Planning Commission reviewed a draft curative amendment to the county land development ordinance that would define data centers and set standards for power sourcing, water supply, permitted zones, setbacks, noise and decommissioning. County officials say the draft is needed because Pennsylvania developers can otherwise site facilities anywhere a use is not specifically prohibited. Public comment is expected to open 30 days before hearings that may begin in mid-November.

Williamsport Sun-Gazette Siting, zoning and standards Noise, appearance and rural character

Check it: Read the draft amendment for specific setback distances and decommissioning bond requirements.

Cited by both sides policy September 17, 2026

Philadelphia mayor creates a data center task force to weigh hyperscale projects

Mayor Cherelle Parker signed an executive order forming a Philadelphia Data Center Task Force to study the potential energy, water, environmental and economic effects of hyperscale projects, with a report due June 30, 2027. Supporters call the review a first step toward guardrails, while some residents at a city hall protest called on the mayor to back a moratorium instead.

Billy Penn Siting, zoning and standards Laws, bills and regulation

Check it: A task force is advisory. Any restrictions on future data centers would still need council legislation to take effect.

Supports the case against report September 16, 2026

Pennsylvania PUC releases Synapse study warning data center growth could push PJM to more than 13 loss-of-load hours per year by 2030

In a study commissioned by the state Public Utility Commission and released this week, Synapse Energy Economics projected that under PJM's current load forecast the region falls short of its planning standard from 2027 through 2030, and under a high data center scenario new demand between 2029 and 2030 alone would exceed Pennsylvania's current annual use. PUC Chair Stephen DeFrank cited the findings in floating a model tariff for customers of 50 megawatts and above. Industry groups say the projections assume little new generation and no successful demand response.

WFMZ Capacity prices and grid costs How much electricity data centers use Who pays for the grid buildout Who holds the risk

Check it: The 13-plus outages figure is a modeled high-growth scenario, not a forecast; the baseline case is roughly 5.9 shortfall events per decade.

Supports the case against report September 15, 2026

Data center growth drives blackout risk, Pa. PUC says

A Pennsylvania Public Utility Commission-commissioned study by Synapse Energy Economics projected that PJM will fail to meet its own reliability planning standard from 2027 through 2030 under PJM's current load forecast, with data center demand as the main driver. In a worst case, the modeled 2030 loss-of-load expectation reaches 13.2 events per year.

WHYY How much electricity data centers use Capacity prices and grid costs Efficiency and forecasts

Check it: The reliability numbers are modeled scenarios that assume little new supply comes online; actual outcomes depend on generation additions and demand-response through the decade.

Weighing it up

For the arguments behind these fights, see the case for data centers, the case against, and the questions people ask, each answered from both sides.